Intensified clashes between M23 rebels and the DRC army near Goma have forced over 100,000 civilians to flee, escalating the humanitarian crisis.
The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is witnessing a severe humanitarian crisis as intensified clashes between the M23 rebel group and the Congolese army approach the provincial capital, Goma. The United Nations reports that over 178,000 people have been displaced in the past two weeks alone, adding to the more than 7 million already uprooted by ongoing conflicts in the mineral-rich region.
The M23 rebels, primarily composed of ethnic Tutsis who previously integrated into the Congolese army, have seized several strategic towns, including Minova, Lumbishi, Numbi, Shanje, and Bweremana. The capture of Minova is particularly significant, as it lies on a crucial supply route to Goma, heightening concerns about the city’s security. 
As the rebels advance, thousands of civilians are fleeing toward Goma, seeking refuge from the escalating violence. Many have arrived in the city only to continue their journey, fearing the proximity of conflict zones. The Nzulo camp, located on Goma’s outskirts, has seen a significant influx of displaced individuals, further straining the city’s already limited resources.
The resurgence of M23, which had been dormant for nearly a decade, has reignited tensions in eastern Congo. The DRC government, along with the United States and United Nations experts, accuses neighboring Rwanda of supporting the rebel group—a claim that Rwanda denies. This alleged backing has complicated regional dynamics, undermining efforts to achieve lasting peace.
Amnesty International has raised alarms over potential war crimes committed by both the M23 rebels and the Congolese army. The organization reports that between January and July of last year, over 150 attacks involving unguided rockets and explosives in densely populated areas resulted in more than 100 civilian deaths and hundreds of injuries. Amnesty has urged the International Criminal Court to investigate these incidents, highlighting the urgent need for accountability.
The deteriorating security situation has prompted international concern. The United Nations has called for an immediate cessation of hostilities and increased humanitarian assistance to address the needs of the displaced populations. However, delivering aid remains challenging due to the volatile environment and the sheer scale of displacement.
As the M23 rebels continue their advance toward Goma, the humanitarian crisis deepens, with civilians bearing the brunt of the conflict. The international community faces mounting pressure to intervene diplomatically to prevent further escalation and to support efforts aimed at achieving a sustainable resolution to the longstanding instability in eastern DRC.
